China’s economy expands by five per cent in 2025
Figures cited in reports showed that the country’s gross domestic product climbed past a historic threshold, exceeding 140 trillion yuan, equivalent to roughly $20 trillion.
Despite facing multiple headwinds—including subdued domestic consumption, deflationary pressures, an extended slump in the property market, and external risks associated with US tariff measures—the world’s second-largest economy managed to align its performance with the government’s growth aim of around 5%.
Official figures illustrate a fluctuating growth trajectory in recent years, with expansion measured at 2.2% in 2020, followed by a sharp rebound to 8.4% in 2021, then slowing to 3% in 2022, rising to 5.2% in 2023, and holding at 5% in 2024.
According to available data, industrial production rose by 5.9% over the year, while the services sector posted growth of 5.4%. Retail sales, often viewed as a barometer of household consumption and internal demand, increased by 3.7%.
In contrast, fixed-asset investment—which covers areas such as infrastructure, real estate, machinery, and equipment—declined by 3.8% compared with the previous year. This contraction was mainly attributed to continued weakness in the property sector, where investment fell sharply by 17.2%, marking the third consecutive year of decline.
Strong performance in external trade helped counterbalance domestic challenges. China’s trade surplus climbed to $1.19 trillion in 2025, exceeding the $1 trillion mark within a single year for the first time, as stated by reports.
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